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The alternative rock is a genre of rock coming from the scene underground of the 1980s, and widely popular since the 1990s. The term "alternative" was used in the 1980s to describe groups inspired by punk rock that have contracts with labels independent and does not fit into the genres of mainstream of the time. As a musical genre, alternative rock includes various sub-genres that emerged from the independent music scene of the 1980s, such as grunge, the britpop, the gothic rock, and indie rock. These types have all been ethical or musical influences of punk, founder for the alternative music 1970.

Although gender is considered a variant of the rock, some of its subgenres are influenced by folk music, the reggae, the electronic music, and jazz among other genres. At times, alternative rock has been used to describe all the underground artists of the 1980s, all the music down punk rock (including punk itself, the new wave, and post-punk ), and Paradoxically, rock in general during the 1990s and 2000s.
Although some artists like the Pixies, REM and The Cure have achieved commercial success and mainstream recognition, many alternative rock artists of the 1980s were underground bands who recorded their music on independent labels and which were known for the radio stations of universities and mouth. With the success of Nirvana and the popularity of grunge and Britpop movements in the early 1990s, alternative rock was a great commercial success and many alternative bands knew to turn an international and commercial success.

The music now known as alternative rock was formerly known by various other words, before that alternative expression become the most common. The term " college rock "(rock university) was used in the United States to describe the music in the 1980s, because of its links with the college radio and tastes of students. In the UK, the term "indie" is used more, though from 1985, the term indie becomes the term of a specific current, indie rock rather than another term for alternative rock.

The "alternative rock" is essentially an umbrella term for underground music that emerged in the wake of the punk rock movement since the mid-1980s. As its history reveals, alternative rock has been largely defined by the rejection of commercial success in the general culture. The alternative bands during the 1980s generally played in small clubs, recorded with independent labels, and gained notoriety through word-of-mouth.

In this way, there is no set musical style for alternative rock in general, although the New York Times said in 1989 that gender is the "guitar music first". The sounds range from "dirty" guitars of grunge to the gloomy atmosphere of gothic rock, through Britpop and twee pop. More often than in other genres of rock, alternative rock lyrics tend to address social issues, such as use of the drug, the depression, and ecology.

In the 1980s, alternative rock in the United States was primarily the domain of college radio. Most commercial radio stations ignored the genre. On TV, MTV aired occasionally alternative rock music late at night. In 1986, the network began broadcasting, always late at night, a show dedicated to alternative music, 120 Minutes, which played the role of a major outlet for the genre before his commercial breakthrough five years later. Finally, in the late 1980s, commercial radio stations like WFNX (in Boston ) and KROQ (in Los Angeles ) began playing alternative rock, becoming pioneers of radio formats "modern rock."

However, crossover and grunge-titled only two terms of the summarized under the term alternative rock music styles. Together, all styles and performers was the combination of punk and hardcore music with other styles, which also reflects the mainstream could meet. Those styles that elements of popular music forms such as hip-hop, funk, folk rock or pop music took over, reach a larger audience, thus could sell better and were therefore increasingly promoted by large record companies and music television.

On the other hand, the hype around grunge and Nirvana for other less rock and metal oriented style in the field Alternative and Independent undoing. Robyn Hitchcock explained the change after Nirvana had ousted him from the top of the American alternative charts.

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